Climate Literacy Guide Available

The U.S. Global Change Research Program/U.S. Climate Change Science Program in March 2009 released the 17-page report, "Climate Literacy -- The Essential Principles of Climate Sciences," with the subheadings "A Climate-Oriented Approach for Learners of All Ages" and "A Guide for Individuals and Communities."




"The Essential Principles of Climate Science presents information that is deemed important for individuals and communities to know and understand about Earth climate, impacts of climate change, and approaches to adaptation or mitigation. Principles in the guide can serve as discussion starters or launching points for scientific inquiry. The guide aims to promote greater climate science literacy by providing this educational framework of principles and concepts. The guide can also serve educators who teach climate science as a way to meet content standards in their science curricula."

"Development of the guide began at a workshop sponsored by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). Multiple science agencies, non-governmental organizations, and numerous individuals also contributed through extensive review and comment periods. Discussion at the National Science Foundation (NSF)- and NOAA-sponsored Atmospheric Sciences and Climate Literacy workshop contributed substantially to the refinement of the document."



Earth photographed by Astronaut Ron Evans, USA Apollo 17 Mission, December 7, 1972. In this image, now known as "The Blue Marble," Antarctica is at the top. Other prominent features include the eastern coastline of Africa, the Island of Madagascar, the Gulf of Aden, the Red Sea, and the Arabian Peninsula.

"The Climate Crisis and the Adaptation Myth"

Hello, All – Robert Repetto of Yale University and a Senior Fellow of the United Nations Foundation has published a very readable report on the prevailing myth that the USA is prepared to adapt to climate change. He talks about the differences between “anticipatory or preventive adaptation” and “reactive adaptation,” and the economic consequences of reacting to rather than preparing for climate change.

The 24-page report, "The Climate Crisis and the Adaptation Myth," is published by the Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies and is available for viewing or downloading at http://www.environment.yale.edu/publication-series/climate_change/

Importantly, the report discusses the behavior of people and organizations, and why we are so sluggish in responding to new conditions. He says, “Humans are myopic decision-makers, sharply discounting events in the farther future or past...exhibit strong ‘anchoring’ to the status quo… [and] tend to resist and deny information that contradicts their value or ideological beliefs.”

The report has specific references to our American Southwest where Repetto points out that 30 million people depend upon a limited and dwindling water supply, yet New Mexico, Arizona, Colorado and Texas have done very little in terms of factoring climate change into long range water supply planning. Additionally, land and resource managers for the Forest Service, Fish and Wildlife Service, Bureau of Land Management and the National Park Service – responsible for vast tracts of land in the American West – have ignored a directive by the U.S. Department of the Interior to consider climate change in their management plans.

The Science Daily article below briefs the report, but I urge you to read the full document that treats prevailing questions about our abilities to adapt to climate change. The report reconfirms climate change as a measured phenomenon that has affected temperature and precipitation patterns worldwide for the past 50 years, and will have even greater impacts during the coming decades.

Remember that estimates of the economics of climate change indicate that attempting to adapt to climate change is likely to be substantially more expensive than the lesser costs of cutting carbon emissions by moving into a new clean-energy economy.


http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/12/081202115427.htm

Science Daily/Yale University

Most U.S. Organizations Not Adapting To Climate Change, Report Finds

ScienceDaily (Dec. 3, 2008) — Organizations in the United States that are at the highest risk of sustaining damage from climate change are not adapting enough to the dangers posed by rising temperatures, according to a Yale report.

"Despite a half century of climate change that has already significantly affected temperature and precipitation patterns and has already had widespread ecological and hydrological impacts, and despite a near certainty that the United States will experience at least as much climate change in the coming decades just as a result of current atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases, little adaptation has occurred," says Robert Repetto, author of "The Climate Crisis and the Adaptation Myth" and a senior fellow of the United Nations Foundation.

Repetto says that private- and public-sector organizations face significant obstacles to adaptation because of uncertainties over the occurrence of climate change at the regional and local levels, over the future frequency of extreme weather events, and over the ecological, economic and other impacts of climate change.

In addition, organizations lack relevant data for planning and forecasting, and the data that are available are typically outdated and unrepresentative of future conditions. Other institutional barriers to adaptation are overcoming or revising codes, rules and regulations that impede change; the lack of clear directions and mandates to take action; political or ideological resistance to the need for responsiveness to climate change; the preoccupation with near-term challenges and priorities and the lingering perception that climate change is a concern only for sometime in the future; and the inertia created by a business-as-usual assumption that future conditions will be like those of the past.

"Those organizations in the public and private sectors that are most at risk, that are making long-term investments and commitments and that have the planning, forecasting and institutional capacity to adapt, have not yet done so," says Repetto, who until recently was a professor in the practice of economics and sustainable development at the Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies. "There have been very few changes in forecasts, plans, investment decisions, budgets or staffing patterns in response to climate risks."

The report cites:

New York City's 40-year-old building codes that require structures to withstand only 110 mph winds, when climate change is causing more intense hurricanes that could bring speeds of up to 135 mph, and its flood maps that are based on historical data and not on climate change modeling data. Increases in sea levels and surges associated with severe storms would likely inundate Kennedy Airport and lower Manhattan, including the subway entrances and tunnels into Manhattan.

Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico and Texas, where water supply is critical and climate change is not factored into state agencies' current water management plans.

A 2007 GAO report that land and resource managers for the Forest Service, Fish and Wildlife Service, Bureau of Land Management and the National Park Service have ignored a directive by the Interior Department to consider climate change in their management plans.

Federal planning guidelines that states and municipalities must follow to receive funding for transportation investments that do not require consideration of climate change in the design and siting of highways and rail lines.

Municipal public health agencies in Los Angeles, Chicago and Philadelphia, among others, that have not factored climate change into plans for confronting public health risks, despite the belief that climate change will increase the incidence and severity of vector-borne diseases and respiratory illnesses.

"To say that the United States has the technological, economic and human capacity to adapt to climate change does not imply that the United States will adapt," said Repetto. "Without national leadership and concerted efforts to remove these barriers and obstacles, adaptation to climate change is likely to continue to lag."

Adapted from materials provided by Yale University, via EurekAlert!, a service of AAAS.

Yale University (2008, December 3). Most U.S. Organizations Not Adapting To Climate Change, Report Finds. ScienceDaily. Retrieved December 3, 2008, from http://www.sciencedaily.com­ /releases/2008/12/081202115427.htm